الخصائص والأبناء؛ معالجات الأحداث؛ المراجع

مقدمة

خصائص ذات أنواع محددة

import React from "react"

interface BadgeProps {
  text: string
  color?: "primary" | "success" | "warning"
}

export function Badge({ text, color = "primary" }: BadgeProps) {
  const bg = color === "success" ? "#16a34a" : color === "warning" ? "#d97706" : "#2563eb"
  return <span style={{ backgroundColor: bg, color: "white", padding: 4, borderRadius: 6 }}>{text}</span>
}

export default function App() {
  return (
    <div style={{ display: "grid", gap: 8 }}>
      <Badge text="Saved" color="success" />
      <Badge text="Warn" color="warning" />
    </div>
  )
}

الأبناء

import React, { PropsWithChildren } from "react"

type CardProps = PropsWithChildren<{ title: string }>

function Card({ title, children }: CardProps) {
  return (
    <div style={{ border: "1px solid #e5e7eb", padding: 12, borderRadius: 8 }}>
      <h3 style={{ margin: 0 }}>{title}</h3>
      <div>{children}</div>
    </div>
  )
}

export default function App() {
  return (
    <Card title="Dashboard">
      <p>Children are typed automatically.</p>
    </Card>
  )
}

معالجات الأحداث

import React from "react"

export default function App() {
  const handleClick = (e: React.MouseEvent<HTMLButtonElement>) => {
    console.log("clicked", e.currentTarget.name)
  }

  const handleChange = (e: React.ChangeEvent<HTMLInputElement>) => {
    console.log("value", e.target.value)
  }

  return (
    <div style={{ display: "grid", gap: 8 }}>
      <input name="n" onChange={handleChange} placeholder="Type here" />
      <button name="ok" onClick={handleClick}>Confirm</button>
    </div>
  )
}

المراجع: الوصول إلى DOM

import React, { useRef } from "react"

export default function App() {
  const inputRef = useRef<HTMLInputElement>(null)

  const focusInput = () => {
    inputRef.current?.focus()
  }

  return (
    <div style={{ display: "grid", gap: 8 }}>
      <input ref={inputRef} placeholder="Focus me" />
      <button onClick={focusInput}>Focus</button>
    </div>
  )
}

تمرير المراجع

import React, { forwardRef } from "react"

type TextInputProps = { label: string }

const TextInput = forwardRef<HTMLInputElement, TextInputProps>(function TextInput({ label }, ref) {
  return (
    <label style={{ display: "grid", gap: 4 }}>
      <span>{label}</span>
      <input ref={ref} />
    </label>
  )
})

export default function App() {
  const setRef = (el: HTMLInputElement | null) => { if (el) el.focus() }
  return <TextInput ref={setRef} label="Auto focus" />
}

التحقق من أنواع الأحداث

مراجعة