المكوّنات متعددة الأشكال؛ خصائص as

مقدمة

الأنواع الأساسية

import React from "react"

type OwnProps = {
  variant?: "solid" | "outline"
  children: React.ReactNode
}

type PolymorphicProps<T extends React.ElementType, P> = {
  as?: T
} & P & Omit<React.ComponentPropsWithoutRef<T>, keyof P | "as">

// Example: Omit avoids prop collisions (e.g., our OwnProps vs intrinsic props)

الزر متعدد الأشكال

import React, { forwardRef } from "react"

type OwnProps = { variant?: "solid" | "outline"; children: React.ReactNode }

type PolymorphicProps<T extends React.ElementType, P> = { as?: T } & P & Omit<React.ComponentPropsWithoutRef<T>, keyof P | "as">

const ButtonInner = <T extends React.ElementType = "button">(
  { as, variant = "solid", children, ...rest }: PolymorphicProps<T, OwnProps>,
  ref: React.ForwardedRef<React.ComponentRef<T>>
) => {
  const Component = (as || "button") as React.ElementType
  const style = variant === "outline" ? { border: "1px solid #333", padding: 8 } : { background: "#2563eb", color: "white", padding: 8, borderRadius: 6 }
  return <Component ref={ref} style={style} {...rest}>{children}</Component>
}

export const Button = forwardRef(ButtonInner) as <T extends React.ElementType = "button">(
  props: PolymorphicProps<T, OwnProps> & { ref?: React.Ref<React.ComponentRef<T>> }
) => JSX.Element

أمثلة الاستخدام

import React, { useRef } from "react"
import { Button } from "./Button"

export default function App() {
  const btnRef = useRef<HTMLButtonElement>(null)
  const linkRef = useRef<HTMLAnchorElement>(null)

  return (
    <div style={{ display: "grid", gap: 8 }}>
      <Button ref={btnRef} onClick={() => alert("clicked")}>Save</Button>
      <Button as="a" ref={linkRef} href="#docs" variant="outline">Docs</Button>
    </div>
  )
}

التنويعات

import React from "react"
import { Button } from "./Button"

export function DangerButton(props: Omit<React.ComponentProps<typeof Button>, "variant">) {
  return <Button {...props} style={{ background: "#dc2626", color: "white", padding: 8, borderRadius: 6 }} />
}

// Works with polymorphism too
export default function App() {
  return (
    <div style={{ display: "grid", gap: 8 }}>
      <DangerButton>Delete</DangerButton>
      <DangerButton as="a" href="#confirm">Delete link</DangerButton>
    </div>
  )
}

نصائح

التحقق من الأنواع متعددة الأشكال

مراجعة