العلاقات وواصفات الجلب

العلاقات في SwiftData

@Model
class Author {
  var name: String
  @Relationship(deleteRule: .cascade) var books: [Book] = []
  init(name: String) { self.name = name }
}

سمة @Relationship

@Model
class Book {
  var title: String
  var author: Author?
  init(title: String) { self.title = title }
}

قواعد الحذف

// .cascade: deleting Author deletes all Books
// .nullify: deleting Author sets book.author to nil
// .deny: prevents deletion if related objects exist
@Relationship(deleteRule: .cascade) var books: [Book] = []

علاقة واحد إلى متعدد

@Model class Department {
  var name: String
  @Relationship(deleteRule: .cascade) var employees: [Employee] = []
  init(name: String) { self.name = name }
}
@Model class Employee {
  var name: String
  var department: Department?
  init(name: String) { self.name = name }
}

العلاقات المتعددة إلى المتعددة

@Model class Student {
  var name: String
  var courses: [Course] = []
  init(name: String) { self.name = name }
}
@Model class Course {
  var title: String
  var students: [Student] = []
  init(title: String) { self.title = title }
}

FetchDescriptor

var descriptor = FetchDescriptor<Book>(
  predicate: #Predicate { $0.title.contains("Swift") },
  sortBy: [SortDescriptor(\Book.title)]
)
descriptor.fetchLimit = 10
let books = try context.fetch(descriptor)

الفرز باستخدام SortDescriptor

let descriptor = FetchDescriptor<Item>(
  sortBy: [
    SortDescriptor(\Item.priority, order: .reverse),
    SortDescriptor(\Item.name)
  ]
)

العدّ دون جلب البيانات

let descriptor = FetchDescriptor<Book>(
  predicate: #Predicate { $0.rating > 4 }
)
let count = try context.fetchCount(descriptor)
print("High-rated books: \(count)")

الجلب المسبق للعلاقات

var descriptor = FetchDescriptor<Author>()
descriptor.relationshipKeyPathsForPrefetching = [\Author.books]
let authors = try context.fetch(descriptor)

@Query مع خيارات شبيهة بـ FetchDescriptor

@Query(
  filter: #Predicate<Book> { $0.author?.name == "Apple" },
  sort: \Book.title
)
var books: [Book]

العمليات الدفعية

try context.delete(model: Book.self, where: #Predicate { $0.rating < 2 })

تحقق سريع

مراجعة الدرس