واجهات العرض وعناوين URL

ما هو العرض؟

from django.http import HttpResponse

def home(request):
    return HttpResponse('Hello, world!')
print('A view takes request, returns response')

وسيط request

from django.http import HttpResponse

def info(request):
    return HttpResponse('Method: ' + request.method)
print('request carries the incoming data')

أنماط عناوين URL

# blog/urls.py
from django.urls import path
from . import views

urlpatterns = [
    path('', views.home),
]
print('path maps a URL to a view')

تسمية عناوين URL

from django.urls import path
from . import views

urlpatterns = [
    path('', views.home, name='home'),
]
print("name='home' lets you reference it later")

معاملات عناوين URL

from django.urls import path
from . import views

urlpatterns = [
    path('post/<int:post_id>/', views.detail, name='detail'),
]
print('post/5/ -> detail(request, post_id=5)')

قراءة المعامل

from django.http import HttpResponse

def detail(request, post_id):
    return HttpResponse('Post ' + str(post_id))
print('View receives post_id')

ضم عناوين URL الخاصة بالتطبيق

# mysite/urls.py
from django.urls import path, include

urlpatterns = [
    path('blog/', include('blog.urls')),
]
print('include() wires up app urls')

عرض القوالب

from django.shortcuts import render

def home(request):
    return render(request, 'home.html', {'name': 'Alice'})
print('render combines template + context')

أدوات مساعدة لـ 404

from django.shortcuts import get_object_or_404, render
from .models import Post

def detail(request, post_id):
    post = get_object_or_404(Post, id=post_id)
    return render(request, 'detail.html', {'post': post})
print('get_object_or_404 handles missing data')

عكس عناوين URL

from django.urls import reverse
# reverse('detail', args=[5]) -> '/blog/post/5/'
# In a template: {% url 'detail' post.id %}
print('reverse builds URLs from names')

العروض المعتمدة على الفئات

from django.views.generic import ListView
from .models import Post

class PostList(ListView):
    model = Post
print('ListView lists objects automatically')

اختبار سريع

مراجعة