Next.js 15 Fullstack (App Router + Server Actions) · درس

دمج Passport.js

تعلّم دمج استراتيجيات Passport.js، مثل Local وJWT، لإنشاء تدفقات مصادقة مرنة ومتينة.

دمج Passport.js درس مجاني في Next.js 15 Fullstack (App Router + Server Actions) على CoddyKit. هذا هو الدرس 6 من أصل 6. يمكنك قراءة الدرس كاملاً أدناه مجاناً — ثم تمرن عليه مباشرة في المتصفح باستخدام محرر أكواد مدمج ومدرس ذكاء اصطناعي متاح 24/7. هذا الدرس جزء من مسار التعلم في Next.js 15 Fullstack (App Router + Server Actions)، وتقدمك يتزامن عبر الويب وتطبيق CoddyKit. تتضمن دورة Next.js 15 Fullstack (App Router + Server Actions) 6 دروس في المجموع.

بعض أجزاء هذا الدرس لم تُترجم بعد وتظهر باللغة الإنجليزية.

Meet Passport.js

Welcome to integrating Passport.js with NestJS! Passport is a popular authentication middleware for Node.js applications.

It provides a flexible and modular way to handle different authentication mechanisms, known as 'strategies'. NestJS has excellent integration with Passport, making it easy to secure your APIs.

Setting Up Passport.js

To get started, you'll need to install a few packages. We'll install the core Passport packages for NestJS and specific strategies for local (username/password) and JWT authentication.

@nestjs/passport: NestJS integration
passport: Core Passport.js library
passport-local: For username/password authentication
passport-jwt: For JSON Web Token authentication

npm install @nestjs/passport passport passport-local passport-jwt

Passport Strategy: Local

The Local Strategy is used for traditional username and password authentication. When a user tries to log in, Passport.js uses this strategy to verify their credentials.

You'll create a class that extends PassportStrategy(Strategy, 'local') and implement a validate method. This method receives the username and password from the request.

Local Strategy Logic

The validate method is the heart of any Passport strategy. It's where you define the logic to verify credentials (e.g., checking against a database). If validation succeeds, it returns the user object; otherwise, it returns null or throws an error.

Try running this simplified example of the validate logic:

class MockLocalStrategy {
  async validate(username: string, password: string): Promise<any> {
    // In a real app, you'd query a database here
    if (username === 'testuser' && password === 'mypass') {
      return { userId: 1, username: 'testuser' };
    }
    return null; // Or throw an error for invalid credentials
  }
}

async function main() {
  const strategy = new MockLocalStrategy();
  const user = await strategy.validate('testuser', 'mypass');

  if (user) {
    console.log(`Auth successful for: ${user.username}`);
  } else {
    console.log('Auth failed: Invalid credentials');
  }
}

main();

Using Local Strategy with Guards

Once your LocalStrategy is defined and registered, you can protect routes using NestJS Guards. The AuthGuard('local') leverages your strategy to authenticate incoming requests.

If the user is authenticated, the user object returned by your validate method will be attached to the request (req.user).

@Post('login')
@UseGuards(AuthGuard('local'))
async login(@Request() req) {
  return req.user;
}

Passport Strategy: JWT

The JWT Strategy is used to validate JSON Web Tokens. Instead of username/password, it extracts the JWT from the request (usually from the Authorization header) and verifies its signature.

Your JwtStrategy also has a validate method, but it receives the decrypted JWT payload. You then use this payload to identify and return the user.

JWT Strategy Logic

For the JWT Strategy, the validate method receives the token's payload after Passport has already verified the token's signature. Your job here is usually to retrieve the user associated with that payload (e.g., from a database).

Here's a simplified example of the validate logic:

class MockJwtStrategy {
  async validate(payload: any): Promise<any> {
    // In a real app, you'd fetch user from DB based on payload.sub
    if (payload && payload.sub === 101) {
      return { userId: payload.sub, username: 'apiuser' };
    }
    return null; // User not found or invalid payload
  }
}

async function main() {
  const strategy = new MockJwtStrategy();
  // Imagine this payload came from a verified JWT
  const mockPayload = { sub: 101, username: 'apiuser', iat: 123, exp: 456 };

  const user = await strategy.validate(mockPayload);

  if (user) {
    console.log(`JWT validation successful for: ${user.username}`);
  } else {
    console.log('JWT validation failed: User not found');
  }
}

main();

Using JWT Strategy with Guards

Similar to the local strategy, you use AuthGuard('jwt') to protect routes that require a valid JWT. This guard automatically extracts, validates, and decodes the token using your JwtStrategy.

If the token is valid, the user object returned by validate is attached to req.user.

@Get('profile')
@UseGuards(AuthGuard('jwt'))
getProfile(@Request() req) {
  return req.user;
}

Flexible Authentication Flows

Passport.js excels in its flexibility. You can use multiple strategies within a single application and even specify multiple strategies for a single route using AuthGuard(['jwt', 'local']).

This allows you to support various authentication methods, like social logins (OAuth strategies), API keys, or session-based auth, all managed by Passport's unified interface.

Check Your Understanding

Let's test your knowledge about Passport.js strategies.

Recap: Passport.js Integration

In this lesson, we explored how to integrate Passport.js into your NestJS applications. We covered:

The core concept of Passport.js and its strategies.
Implementing a Local Strategy for username/password authentication.
Implementing a JWT Strategy for token-based authentication.
Using AuthGuards to protect your API routes with these strategies.

Passport.js provides a powerful and flexible foundation for building robust authentication flows!

الأسئلة الشائعة

هل درس «دمج Passport.js» مجاني؟

نعم — نص درس «دمج Passport.js» كامل متاح مجاناً هنا على الويب. لتمرينه بشكل تفاعلي (محرر أكواد مدمج ومدرس ذكاء اصطناعي متاح 24/7) وفتح باقي دورة Next.js 15 Fullstack (App Router + Server Actions)، انتقل إلى CoddyKit PRO. تتضمن دورة Next.js 15 Fullstack (App Router + Server Actions) 6 دروس في المجموع.

ماذا ستتعلم في «دمج Passport.js»؟

تعلّم دمج استراتيجيات Passport.js، مثل Local وJWT، لإنشاء تدفقات مصادقة مرنة ومتينة. تتمرن على Next.js 15 Fullstack (App Router + Server Actions) مع أكواد عملية تشغلها مباشرة في المتصفح، ومدرس ذكاء اصطناعي متاح 24/7 يجيب على أسئلتك أثناء عملك.

هل أحتاج إلى خبرة سابقة لأبدأ Next.js 15 Fullstack (App Router + Server Actions)؟

لا تُشترط خبرة سابقة. Next.js 15 Fullstack (App Router + Server Actions) على CoddyKit منظم للمبتدئين حتى المتقدمين، لذا يمكنك البدء من هنا أو من البداية والتقدم بسرعتك الخاصة. هذا هو الدرس 6 من أصل 6.

كم من الوقت يستغرق درس «دمج Passport.js»؟

معظم دروس CoddyKit تستغرق حوالي 5–10 دقائق. كل منها موجز وتفاعلي، لذا تحرز تقدماً مستمراً وتستأنف من حيث توقفت عبر الويب والتطبيق.

هل يمكنني كتابة وتشغيل أكواد في درس Next.js 15 Fullstack (App Router + Server Actions) هذا؟

نعم. كل درس في Next.js 15 Fullstack (App Router + Server Actions) يتضمن محرر أكواد مدمج، لذا تكتب وتشغل أكواداً حقيقية مباشرة في متصفحك وتحصل على تعليقات فورية من الذكاء الاصطناعي — بدون إعداد محلي.

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