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Operable is the second WCAG principle: every control and link must be usable, no matter how someone interacts with your page.

Many people navigate with only a keyboard, a switch, or voice commands. If something needs a precise click, you have just locked them out.

Every action should work from the keyboard. Real buttons and links are focusable and respond to Enter or Space for free. ⌨️

Keyboard users must see where they are. A clear focus indicator shows which element is active, so people never get lost.

If focus enters a widget and Tab cannot get it out, that is a keyboard trap. Users must always be able to move on.

A session that times out too fast fails people who type slowly or use assistive tech. Offer a way to extend or turn off time limits.

Auto-playing carousels and scrolling text are hard to use. Let people pause, stop, or hide moving content so they can act on it.

Content that flashes more than three times a second can cause seizures. Keep flashing within the safe threshold to protect users.

Clear page titles, headings, and a skip link let users find content fast instead of tabbing through the same menu every time.

Tiny links are hard to hit with shaky hands or on a phone. Generous target size makes controls easier for everyone to activate.

Ask of every control: can someone use this without a mouse and without rushing? If not, it is not yet operable.

Let us test the Operable principle.

You learned that Operable means everyone can use your controls: full keyboard access, visible focus, no traps, enough time, and safe motion. 🎯