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A potentiometer, or pot, is a knob you turn to change resistance. It is the easiest analog input to start experimenting with.

A pot has three legs: two outer pins for power and ground, and a middle wiper pin that gives the changing voltage.

Connect one outer pin to 5V and the other to GND. This sets up the full voltage range across the pot.

Run the middle wiper pin to an analog input like A0. As you turn the knob, the voltage on that pin moves.

Inside, the pot acts as a voltage divider. Turning the shaft moves a contact that splits 5V into the reading you sense.

Reading it is one line. Call analogRead(A0) and you get a value from 0 to 1023 that tracks the knob position.

Turn the knob all the way toward the GND side and the reading drops to about 0. The wiper now sees zero volts.

Turn it fully toward the 5V side and the value climbs to about 1023. The wiper now sees the full supply voltage.

Send the value to the Serial Monitor so you can watch it change live. Use Serial.println inside your loop.

A brief delay keeps the Serial Monitor readable instead of a blur. Ten milliseconds is plenty between samples.

The pot is your personal analog lab. Twisting it is the quickest way to feel how voltage becomes a number.

Which pot pin feeds the Arduino its reading?

You wired a potentiometer with outer pins on 5V and GND and the wiper on A0. Now analogRead tracks the knob from 0 to 1023.