‏StateFlow: حاوية حالة ساخنة لواجهة المستخدم

ما هو StateFlow؟

import kotlinx.coroutines.*
import kotlinx.coroutines.flow.*
fun main() = runBlocking {
    val stateFlow = MutableStateFlow(0)  // initial value
    println("Current: ${stateFlow.value}")
    stateFlow.value = 42
    println("Updated: ${stateFlow.value}")
}

MutableStateFlow في مقابل StateFlow

import kotlinx.coroutines.flow.*
class CounterViewModel {
    private val _count = MutableStateFlow(0)  // mutable internally
    val count: StateFlow<Int> = _count.asStateFlow()  // read-only externally
    fun increment() { _count.value++ }
    fun decrement() { _count.value-- }
}

جمع StateFlow

import kotlinx.coroutines.*
import kotlinx.coroutines.flow.*
fun main() = runBlocking {
    val state = MutableStateFlow("loading")
    launch {
        state.collect { println("State: $it") }
    }
    delay(50); state.value = "success"
    delay(50); state.value = "idle"
    delay(50)
    coroutineContext.cancelChildren()
}

StateFlow يدمج القيم المتطابقة

import kotlinx.coroutines.*
import kotlinx.coroutines.flow.*
fun main() = runBlocking {
    val flow = MutableStateFlow("A")
    launch {
        flow.collect { println("Received: $it") }
    }
    delay(50)
    flow.value = "A"  // no emission — same value
    flow.value = "B"  // emits
    flow.value = "B"  // no emission — same value
    flow.value = "C"  // emits
    delay(50)
    coroutineContext.cancelChildren()
}

StateFlow في ViewModel

import kotlinx.coroutines.*
import kotlinx.coroutines.flow.*
sealed class UiState { object Loading : UiState(); data class Success(val data: String) : UiState(); data class Error(val msg: String) : UiState() }
class MyViewModel(scope: CoroutineScope) {
    private val _uiState = MutableStateFlow<UiState>(UiState.Loading)
    val uiState: StateFlow<UiState> = _uiState.asStateFlow()
    init {
        scope.launch {
            delay(100)  // simulate load
            _uiState.value = UiState.Success("Hello!")
        }
    }
}

update() للتعديل الذري

import kotlinx.coroutines.*
import kotlinx.coroutines.flow.*
fun main() = runBlocking {
    val counter = MutableStateFlow(0)
    List(100) {
        launch(Dispatchers.Default) {
            counter.update { it + 1 }  // thread-safe atomic update
        }
    }.forEach { it.join() }
    println("Counter: ${counter.value}")  // 100
}

compareAndSet للتحديثات التفاؤلية

import kotlinx.coroutines.flow.*
fun main() {
    val state = MutableStateFlow("idle")
    val changed = state.compareAndSet("idle", "loading")
    println("Changed: $changed, Value: ${state.value}")  // true, loading
    val changed2 = state.compareAndSet("idle", "error")  // won't change
    println("Changed: $changed2, Value: ${state.value}") // false, loading
}

StateFlow في مقابل LiveData

import kotlinx.coroutines.flow.*
// StateFlow: pure Kotlin, works in commonMain
// val state = MutableStateFlow("value")

// LiveData: Android-only, lifecycle-aware
// val liveData = MutableLiveData("value")

// In Compose, collect StateFlow with:
// val state by viewModel.uiState.collectAsState()
fun main() { println("StateFlow: multiplatform; LiveData: Android-only") }

stateIn: تحويل Cold Flow إلى StateFlow

import kotlinx.coroutines.*
import kotlinx.coroutines.flow.*
fun main() = runBlocking {
    val cold = flow {
        println("Fetching...")
        delay(100)
        emit("data")
    }
    val hot: StateFlow<String> = cold.stateIn(
        scope = this,
        started = SharingStarted.Lazily,
        initialValue = "loading"
    )
    launch { hot.collect { println("A: $it") } }
    launch { hot.collect { println("B: $it") } }
    delay(200)
    coroutineContext.cancelChildren()
}

استراتيجيات SharingStarted

import kotlinx.coroutines.flow.*
// Eagerly: upstream starts right away
// SharingStarted.Eagerly

// Lazily: waits for first subscriber
// SharingStarted.Lazily

// WhileSubscribed: stops 5s after last subscriber
// SharingStarted.WhileSubscribed(5000)

// Typical ViewModel usage:
// val uiState = repo.dataFlow.stateIn(viewModelScope, WhileSubscribed(5000), Loading)

مراقبة الحالة المشتقة

import kotlinx.coroutines.*
import kotlinx.coroutines.flow.*
fun main() = runBlocking {
    val count = MutableStateFlow(5)
    val doubled = count.map { it * 2 }.stateIn(this, SharingStarted.Eagerly, 10)
    println(doubled.value)  // 10
    count.value = 7
    delay(50)
    println(doubled.value)  // 14
    coroutineContext.cancelChildren()
}

تحقق سريع

مراجعة