‏CoroutineExceptionHandler: المعالج العام للاستثناءات غير الملتقطة

ما هو CoroutineExceptionHandler؟

import kotlinx.coroutines.*
val handler = CoroutineExceptionHandler { context, exception ->
    println("Caught unhandled: ${exception.message}")
}
fun main() = runBlocking {
    val scope = CoroutineScope(Dispatchers.Default + handler)
    scope.launch { throw RuntimeException("oops") }
    delay(100)
}

لـ Root Coroutines فقط

import kotlinx.coroutines.*
val handler = CoroutineExceptionHandler { _, e -> println("Handler: ${e.message}") }
fun main() = runBlocking {
    // Root coroutine — handler fires:
    CoroutineScope(handler).launch {
        throw RuntimeException("root error")
    }
    delay(100)
    // NOT handler (child of coroutineScope):
    // launch { launch { throw RuntimeException() } }
}

لا يكتم الاستثناء

import kotlinx.coroutines.*
val handler = CoroutineExceptionHandler { _, e ->
    println("[CrashReport] ${e::class.simpleName}: ${e.message}")
    // send to Crashlytics, Sentry, etc.
}
fun main() = runBlocking {
    CoroutineScope(SupervisorJob() + handler).apply {
        launch { throw IllegalStateException("state error") }
        launch { delay(100); println("still alive") }
        delay(200)
        cancel()
    }
}

المعالج + SupervisorJob

import kotlinx.coroutines.*
class AppScope {
    private val handler = CoroutineExceptionHandler { _, e ->
        println("Uncaught: ${e.message}")
    }
    val scope = CoroutineScope(SupervisorJob() + Dispatchers.Default + handler)
}
fun main() = runBlocking {
    val app = AppScope()
    app.scope.launch { throw RuntimeException("task failed") }
    app.scope.launch { delay(100); println("other task ok") }
    delay(200)
    app.scope.cancel()
}

المعالج مع async

import kotlinx.coroutines.*
val handler = CoroutineExceptionHandler { _, e -> println("Handler: ${e.message}") }
fun main() = runBlocking {
    val scope = CoroutineScope(SupervisorJob() + handler)
    val deferred = scope.async { throw RuntimeException("async error") }
    try {
        deferred.await()  // exception thrown here
    } catch (e: RuntimeException) {
        println("Caught from await: ${e.message}")
    }
    delay(50)
    scope.cancel()
}

مقارنة مع Thread.UncaughtExceptionHandler

import kotlinx.coroutines.*
// Java style (applies to threads):
Thread.setDefaultUncaughtExceptionHandler { t, e ->
    println("Thread ${t.name} threw: ${e.message}")
}
// Kotlin coroutine style (applies to coroutines in scope):
val handler = CoroutineExceptionHandler { _, e ->
    println("Coroutine threw: ${e.message}")
}
fun main() = runBlocking { println("Handlers target different concurrency models") }

نمط التسجيل باستخدام MDC

import kotlinx.coroutines.*
val handler = CoroutineExceptionHandler { ctx, e ->
    val jobName = ctx[CoroutineName]?.name ?: "unknown"
    println("[${jobName}] ERROR: ${e.message}")
}
fun main() = runBlocking {
    CoroutineScope(SupervisorJob() + handler).launch(CoroutineName("DataLoader")) {
        throw RuntimeException("fetch failed")
    }
    delay(100)
}

التكامل مع الإبلاغ عن الأعطال

import kotlinx.coroutines.*
object CrashReporter {
    fun record(e: Throwable) = println("[Crashlytics] ${e.message}")
}
val handler = CoroutineExceptionHandler { _, e ->
    if (e !is CancellationException) CrashReporter.record(e)
}
val appScope = CoroutineScope(SupervisorJob() + Dispatchers.Default + handler)
fun main() = runBlocking {
    appScope.launch { throw RuntimeException("unhandled in production") }
    delay(100)
    appScope.cancel()
}

توريث المعالج

import kotlinx.coroutines.*
val handler = CoroutineExceptionHandler { _, e -> println("Handler: ${e.message}") }
fun main() = runBlocking {
    // Handler only fires at root level:
    CoroutineScope(SupervisorJob() + handler).launch {
        // Child of root — exception propagates to root handler:
        launch { throw RuntimeException("nested") }
    }
    delay(100)
}

ملخص أفضل الممارسات

import kotlinx.coroutines.*
val globalHandler = CoroutineExceptionHandler { ctx, e ->
    if (e !is CancellationException) {
        println("[ERROR] ${ctx[CoroutineName]?.name}: ${e.message}")
    }
}
val appScope = CoroutineScope(SupervisorJob() + Dispatchers.Default + globalHandler)
fun main() = runBlocking {
    appScope.launch(CoroutineName("Auth")) { throw RuntimeException("token expired") }
    delay(100); appScope.cancel()
}

تحقق سريع

مراجعة