التنظيف باستخدام finally وNonCancellable

الإلغاء وfinally

import kotlinx.coroutines.*
fun main() = runBlocking {
    val job = launch {
        try {
            delay(1000)
        } finally {
            println("finally: cleaning up")
        }
    }
    delay(50)
    job.cancel()
    job.join()
}

المشكلة: التعليق داخل finally

import kotlinx.coroutines.*
fun main() = runBlocking {
    val job = launch {
        try {
            delay(1000)
        } finally {
            // delay(100) // throws CancellationException here!
            println("Sync cleanup OK; async cleanup needs NonCancellable")
        }
    }
    delay(50); job.cancel(); job.join()
}

withContext(NonCancellable)

import kotlinx.coroutines.*
fun main() = runBlocking {
    val job = launch {
        try {
            delay(1000)
        } finally {
            withContext(NonCancellable) {
                delay(100)  // OK: runs despite cancellation
                println("Async cleanup complete")
            }
        }
    }
    delay(50); job.cancel(); job.join()
}

متى تستخدم NonCancellable

import kotlinx.coroutines.*
suspend fun closeConnection() {
    println("Closing DB connection...")
    delay(50) // simulate async close
    println("Connection closed")
}
fun main() = runBlocking {
    val job = launch {
        try { delay(1000) }
        finally { withContext(NonCancellable) { closeConnection() } }
    }
    delay(50); job.cancel(); job.join()
}

NonCancellable ليس نطاقًا

import kotlinx.coroutines.*
fun main() = runBlocking {
    // WRONG usage:
    // launch(NonCancellable) { ... } // launches a coroutine that cannot be cancelled
    // RIGHT usage:
    launch {
        try { delay(500) }
        finally {
            withContext(NonCancellable) {
                println("Safe cleanup")
            }
        }
    }.also { delay(50); it.cancel(); it.join() }
}

تنظيف موارد متعددة

import kotlinx.coroutines.*
fun main() = runBlocking {
    launch {
        try {
            delay(1000)
        } finally {
            withContext(NonCancellable) {
                delay(20); println("Step 1: flush cache")
                delay(20); println("Step 2: close socket")
                delay(20); println("Step 3: log audit")
            }
        }
    }.also { delay(50); it.cancel(); it.join() }
}

نمط try/catch/finally

import kotlinx.coroutines.*
fun main() = runBlocking {
    launch {
        try {
            delay(100)
            throw RuntimeException("business error")
        } catch (e: RuntimeException) {
            println("Handling: ${e.message}")
        } finally {
            withContext(NonCancellable) {
                println("Always cleanup")
            }
        }
    }.join()
}

ترتيب التنظيف

import kotlinx.coroutines.*
fun main() = runBlocking {
    launch {
        try {
            try {
                delay(1000)
            } finally { println("Inner cleanup") }
        } finally { println("Outer cleanup") }
    }.also { delay(50); it.cancel(); it.join() }
}

استخدام use() مع موارد AutoCloseable

import kotlinx.coroutines.*
class Connection : AutoCloseable {
    init { println("Opened") }
    override fun close() { println("Closed") }
    suspend fun query(): String { delay(50); return "result" }
}
fun main() = runBlocking {
    val result = Connection().use { it.query() }
    println(result)
}

تسجيل سبب الإلغاء

import kotlinx.coroutines.*
fun main() = runBlocking {
    val job = launch {
        try {
            delay(1000)
        } catch (e: CancellationException) {
            println("Cancelled: ${e.message}")
            throw e
        }
    }
    delay(50)
    job.cancel("user navigated away")
    job.join()
}

تنظيف CoroutineScope باستخدام invokeOnCompletion

import kotlinx.coroutines.*
fun main() = runBlocking {
    val job = launch {
        delay(1000)
    }
    job.invokeOnCompletion { cause ->
        if (cause != null) println("Ended with: ${cause::class.simpleName}")
        else println("Completed normally")
    }
    delay(50)
    job.cancel()
    job.join()
}

تحقق سريع

مراجعة