واجهة SLF4J والمسجلات

ما هي SLF4J؟

import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;

public class Main {
    private static final Logger log = LoggerFactory.getLogger(Main.class);
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        log.info("Application started");
    }
}

الحصول على مسجّل

import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;

public class OrderService {
    private static final Logger log = LoggerFactory.getLogger(OrderService.class);
    void placeOrder(String id) {
        log.info("Placing order {}", id);
    }
}

المستويات الخمسة

import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;

public class Main {
    private static final Logger log = LoggerFactory.getLogger(Main.class);
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        log.trace("entering main");
        log.debug("args length = {}", args.length);
        log.info("service is up");
        log.warn("cache miss");
        log.error("failed to connect");
    }
}

اختيار المستوى المناسب

import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;

public class PaymentService {
    private static final Logger log = LoggerFactory.getLogger(PaymentService.class);
    void charge(int cents) {
        if (cents <= 0) { log.warn("non-positive charge: {}", cents); return; }
        log.info("charged {} cents", cents);
    }
}

أسماء المسجّلات وتسلسلها الهرمي

import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;

public class Main {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Logger a = LoggerFactory.getLogger("com.example.app");
        Logger b = LoggerFactory.getLogger("com.example.app.db");
        a.info("parent logger");
        b.debug("child inherits parent's level unless overridden");
    }
}

حماية الاستدعاءات المكلفة

import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;

public class Main {
    private static final Logger log = LoggerFactory.getLogger(Main.class);
    static String heavyDump() { return "...large state..."; }
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        if (log.isDebugEnabled()) {
            log.debug("state: {}", heavyDump());
        }
    }
}

تسجيل الاستثناءات

import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;

public class Main {
    private static final Logger log = LoggerFactory.getLogger(Main.class);
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        try {
            throw new IllegalStateException("boom");
        } catch (Exception e) {
            log.error("Operation failed for id {}", 42, e);
        }
    }
}

مسجّل واحد لكل صنف

import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;

public class UserRepository {
    // Good: one shared logger named after the class
    private static final Logger log = LoggerFactory.getLogger(UserRepository.class);
    void save(String user) { log.debug("saving {}", user); }
}

SLF4J مقارنةً بالواجهة الخلفية

import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;

public class Main {
    private static final Logger log = LoggerFactory.getLogger(Main.class);
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        // Same code, different backend depending on classpath
        log.info("backend-agnostic logging");
    }
}

تجنبوا تسجيل البيانات الحساسة

import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;

public class Main {
    private static final Logger log = LoggerFactory.getLogger(Main.class);
    static String mask(String card) { return "****" + card.substring(card.length() - 4); }
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        log.info("charged card {}", mask("4111111111111234"));
    }
}

خدمة واقعية

import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;

public class EmailService {
    private static final Logger log = LoggerFactory.getLogger(EmailService.class);
    void send(String to) {
        log.debug("preparing email to {}", to);
        try {
            if (to == null) throw new IllegalArgumentException("null recipient");
            log.info("email sent to {}", to);
        } catch (Exception e) {
            log.error("failed to send email", e);
        }
    }
}

اختبار سريع

مراجعة

import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;

public class Main {
    private static final Logger log = LoggerFactory.getLogger(Main.class);
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        log.info("SLF4J facade recap complete");
    }
}