قوائم Select وoption المنسدلة

عنصر select

<label for="country">Country</label>
<select id="country" name="country">
  <option value="us">United States</option>
  <option value="gb">United Kingdom</option>
  <option value="de">Germany</option>
</select>

القيمة value مقابل النص في option

<select name="color">
  <option value="">-- Select a color --</option>  <!-- placeholder -->
  <option value="#ff0000">Red</option>
  <option value="#00ff00">Green</option>
  <option value="#0000ff">Blue</option>
</select>
<!-- value="#ff0000" is submitted; "Red" is displayed -->

السمة selected

<select name="plan">
  <option value="free">Free</option>
  <option value="pro" selected>Pro (Recommended)</option>
  <option value="enterprise">Enterprise</option>
</select>

استخدام optgroup لتصنيف الخيارات

<select name="language">
  <optgroup label="Frontend">
    <option value="html">HTML</option>
    <option value="css">CSS</option>
    <option value="js">JavaScript</option>
  </optgroup>
  <optgroup label="Backend">
    <option value="python">Python</option>
    <option value="node">Node.js</option>
  </optgroup>
</select>

السمة multiple

<label for="skills">Select your skills (Ctrl+Click for multiple)</label>
<select id="skills" name="skills" multiple size="5">
  <option value="html">HTML</option>
  <option value="css">CSS</option>
  <option value="js">JavaScript</option>
  <option value="python">Python</option>
</select>
<!-- size controls how many options are visible -->
<!-- Submitted as multiple values: skills=html&skills=css -->

السمة size

<!-- size=1 (default): dropdown -->
<select size="1">...</select>

<!-- size>1: list box -->
<select size="4">
  <option>HTML</option>
  <option>CSS</option>
  <option>JavaScript</option>
  <option>Python</option>
</select>

تعطيل الخيارات والمجموعات

<select name="plan">
  <option value="free">Free</option>
  <option value="pro">Pro</option>
  <option value="enterprise" disabled>Enterprise (Contact Sales)</option>
</select>

<select>
  <optgroup label="Legacy (deprecated)" disabled>
    <option value="v1">Version 1</option>
  </optgroup>
</select>

تنسيق select

select {
  appearance: none;   /* remove native dropdown arrow */
  -webkit-appearance: none;
  width: 100%;
  padding: 0.5rem 2.5rem 0.5rem 0.75rem;
  border: 1px solid #ddd;
  border-radius: 4px;
  background-image: url("arrow-down.svg");
  background-repeat: no-repeat;
  background-position: right 0.75rem center;
  background-size: 1rem;
  cursor: pointer;
}

القوائم المنسدلة المخصّصة مقابل select الأصلي

قراءة القيمة المحددة في JavaScript

const select = document.getElementById('country');

// Get selected value:
console.log(select.value);  // e.g. 'us'

// Get selected option text:
console.log(select.options[select.selectedIndex].text);

// Set selected value:
select.value = 'de';

// Listen for changes:
select.addEventListener('change', () => {
  console.log('Selected:', select.value);
});

نمط خيار العنصر النائب

<select name="role" required>
  <option value="" disabled selected>-- Select your role --</option>
  <option value="dev">Developer</option>
  <option value="designer">Designer</option>
  <option value="pm">Product Manager</option>
</select>
<!-- disabled + selected: shows as placeholder
     value="" + required: fails validation if not changed -->

اختبار سريع

مراجعة: select وoption