br وhr وblockquote وpre

عنصر br

<p>221B Baker Street<br>
London, NW1 6XE<br>
United Kingdom</p>
<!-- Good use: addresses, poetry, lyrics -->
<!-- Bad use: spacing paragraphs — use margin/padding instead -->

متى تستخدم br

عنصر hr

<p>Chapter One begins here and introduces the characters.</p>

<hr>

<p>Chapter Two starts a new scene entirely.</p>
<!-- hr = thematic shift in content, not just a visual line -->
<!-- Style with CSS: border, color, margin -->

تنسيق hr باستخدام CSS

<hr style="border: none; border-top: 2px solid #e0e0e0; margin: 2rem 0;">

<!-- Or in CSS: -->
<!--
hr {
  border: none;
  border-top: 1px solid #ddd;
  margin: 1.5rem 0;
}
-->

عنصر blockquote

<blockquote cite="https://example.com/article">
  <p>The best time to plant a tree was 20 years ago.
     The second best time is now.</p>
</blockquote>
<p>— Chinese Proverb</p>
<!-- cite attribute = URL of the source (machine-readable) -->
<!-- cite element inside blockquote = visible attribution -->

الاقتباسات المضمّنة باستخدام q

<p>She said <q cite="https://example.com">the meeting is at noon</q>.</p>
<!-- Browser adds quotation marks automatically -->
<!-- blockquote = block-level, full quote -->
<!-- q = inline, short quote within a sentence -->

عنصر pre

<pre>
function hello() {
    console.log("Hello!");
}
</pre>
<!-- Spaces, tabs, and newlines are preserved -->
<!-- Default font: monospace -->
<!-- Used for code, ASCII art, or text that depends on spacing -->

استخدام pre وcode معاً

<pre><code>
const greet = (name) => {
  return `Hello, ${name}!`;
};
console.log(greet("World"));
</code></pre>
<!-- pre = preserves whitespace -->
<!-- code = semantic: this is computer code -->
<!-- syntax highlighting libraries like Prism target pre > code -->

الهروب في pre

<pre><code>
<!-- These must be escaped: -->
&lt;div class="box"&gt;
  &lt;p&gt;Content&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
<!-- &lt; = <   &gt; = >   &amp; = & -->
</code></pre>

طيّ المسافات البيضاء

<p>This    has    extra    spaces.</p>
<!-- Renders as: "This has extra spaces." -->

<pre>This    keeps    all    spaces.</pre>
<!-- Renders exactly as written -->

<!-- To preserve whitespace in p without pre: CSS white-space: pre -->
<p style="white-space: pre-wrap">Preserved&#10;newlines</p>

ملخص عناصر المسافات البيضاء

تحقق سريع

مراجعة: br وhr وblockquote وpre