المنتِج/المستهلك باستخدام Channels (نظرة عامة)

المفهوم والأهداف

منتج ومستهلك واحد

using System;
using System.Collections.Concurrent;
using System.Threading;
using System.Threading.Tasks;

public class Program
{
  public static void Main(string[] args)
  {
    // Unbounded by default; simple demo
    BlockingCollection<int> queue = new BlockingCollection<int>();

    // Producer
    Task producer = Task.Run(() =>
    {
      for (int i = 1; i <= 5; i++)
      {
        queue.Add(i);                 // enqueue
        Console.WriteLine("Produced " + i);
        Thread.Sleep(50);             // simulate work
      }
      queue.CompleteAdding();         // signal no more items
    });

    // Consumer
    Task consumer = Task.Run(() =>
    {
      foreach (int x in queue.GetConsumingEnumerable())
      {
        Console.WriteLine("Consumed " + x);
        Thread.Sleep(80);             // simulate processing
      }
      Console.WriteLine("Consumer done");
    });

    Task.WaitAll(producer, consumer);
  }
}

مثال على الضغط العكسي

using System;
using System.Collections.Concurrent;
using System.Threading;
using System.Threading.Tasks;

public class Program
{
  public static void Main(string[] args)
  {
    // Bounded capacity introduces backpressure
    BlockingCollection<int> queue = new BlockingCollection<int>(boundedCapacity: 2);

    Task producer = Task.Run(() =>
    {
      for (int i = 1; i <= 5; i++)
      {
        queue.Add(i); // blocks when the buffer is full
        Console.WriteLine("Produced " + i + " (count=" + queue.Count + ")");
      }
      queue.CompleteAdding();
    });

    Task consumer = Task.Run(() =>
    {
      foreach (int x in queue.GetConsumingEnumerable())
      {
        Console.WriteLine("Consumed " + x);
        Thread.Sleep(120); // slower consumer -> producer will block sometimes
      }
    });

    Task.WaitAll(producer, consumer);
  }
}

توزيع العمل على المستهلكين

using System;
using System.Collections.Concurrent;
using System.Linq;
using System.Threading;
using System.Threading.Tasks;

public class Program
{
  public static void Main(string[] args)
  {
    BlockingCollection<int> queue = new BlockingCollection<int>(3);

    Task prod = Task.Run(() =>
    {
      for (int i = 1; i <= 8; i++)
      {
        queue.Add(i);
        Console.WriteLine("Produced " + i);
        Thread.Sleep(30);
      }
      queue.CompleteAdding();
    });

    // Start 2 consumers that compete for items
    Task[] consumers = Enumerable.Range(1, 2).Select(id => Task.Run(() =>
    {
      foreach (int x in queue.GetConsumingEnumerable())
      {
        Console.WriteLine("C" + id + " got " + x);
        Thread.Sleep(100);
      }
      Console.WriteLine("C" + id + " done");
    })).ToArray();

    Task.WaitAll(consumers.Concat(new[] { prod }).ToArray());
  }
}

الإكمال السليم

using System;
using System.Collections.Concurrent;
using System.Threading;
using System.Threading.Tasks;

public class Program
{
  static void Producer(BlockingCollection<string> q)
  {
    string[] lines = { "A", "B", "C", "D" };
    foreach (var s in lines)
    {
      q.Add(s);
      Console.WriteLine("Produced " + s);
    }
    q.CompleteAdding(); // signal completion
  }

  static void Consumer(BlockingCollection<string> q)
  {
    try
    {
      foreach (var item in q.GetConsumingEnumerable())
      {
        Console.WriteLine("Consumed " + item);
        Thread.Sleep(60);
      }
      Console.WriteLine("Consumer finished all items");
    }
    catch (InvalidOperationException)
    {
      // Thrown if taken after completion and empty; avoided by foreach above.
    }
  }

  public static void Main(string[] args)
  {
    var queue = new BlockingCollection<string>(2);
    Task p = Task.Run(() => Producer(queue));
    Task c = Task.Run(() => Consumer(queue));
    Task.WaitAll(p, c);
  }
}

النصائح والمزالق

الغرض من CompleteAdding

مراجعة