IAsyncEnumerable وawait foreach

لماذا نستخدم IAsyncEnumerable؟

كتابة مكرّر غير متزامن

public async IAsyncEnumerable<int> GenerateNumbersAsync(int count)
{
    for (int i = 0; i < count; i++)
    {
        await Task.Delay(100); // simulate async work per item
        yield return i;
    }
}

الاستهلاك باستخدام await foreach

await foreach (var number in GenerateNumbersAsync(10))
{
    Console.WriteLine(number);
}

// With cancellation:
var cts = new CancellationTokenSource();
await foreach (var n in GenerateNumbersAsync(100)
    .WithCancellation(cts.Token))
{
    if (n > 50) { cts.Cancel(); break; }
    Console.WriteLine(n);
}

التدفق من قاعدة بيانات

public async IAsyncEnumerable<Product> StreamProductsAsync(
    [EnumeratorCancellation] CancellationToken ct = default)
{
    await foreach (var product in _db.Products
        .Where(p => p.IsActive)
        .AsAsyncEnumerable()
        .WithCancellation(ct))
    {
        yield return product;
    }
}

تدفق استجابات HTTP

app.MapGet("/stream/products", (ProductRepository repo) =>
{
    // Returns an IAsyncEnumerable — ASP.NET Core streams it as JSON array
    return repo.StreamAllAsync();
});

// Or with custom serialization:
app.MapGet("/stream/events", async (HttpResponse response, EventStore store) =>
{
    response.ContentType = "application/json";
    await foreach (var e in store.StreamAsync())
    {
        await response.WriteAsJsonAsync(e);
        await response.Body.FlushAsync();
    }
});

السمة EnumeratorCancellation

public async IAsyncEnumerable<LogEntry> TailLogAsync(
    string logFile,
    [EnumeratorCancellation] CancellationToken ct = default)
{
    while (!ct.IsCancellationRequested)
    {
        var newLines = await ReadNewLinesAsync(logFile, ct);
        foreach (var line in newLines)
            yield return new LogEntry(line);
        await Task.Delay(500, ct);
    }
}

// Consumer:
await foreach (var entry in TailLogAsync("/var/log/app.log")
    .WithCancellation(cts.Token))
{
    Console.WriteLine(entry.Message);
}

استخدام LINQ مع IAsyncEnumerable

// dotnet add package System.Linq.Async

var expensiveProducts = await repo.StreamAllAsync()
    .WhereAwait(async p => await pricing.IsExpensiveAsync(p.Id))
    .SelectAwait(async p => await enricher.EnrichAsync(p))
    .Take(10)
    .ToListAsync();

// Or use built-in Where/Select that don't need async:
var names = repo.StreamAllAsync()
    .Where(p => p.IsActive)
    .Select(p => p.Name);

دمج تدفقات غير متزامنة متعددة

async IAsyncEnumerable<T> Merge<T>(
    params IAsyncEnumerable<T>[] streams)
{
    var channel = Channel.CreateUnbounded<T>();

    var producers = streams.Select(async stream =>
    {
        await foreach (var item in stream)
            await channel.Writer.WriteAsync(item);
    });

    _ = Task.WhenAll(producers)
            .ContinueWith(_ => channel.Writer.Complete());

    await foreach (var item in channel.Reader.ReadAllAsync())
        yield return item;
}

الأداء: التخزين المؤقت مقابل التدفق

// BAD: loads all 1M records into memory
var allOrders = await _db.Orders.ToListAsync();
foreach (var order in allOrders)
    await ProcessAsync(order);

// GOOD: processes one record at a time
await foreach (var order in _db.Orders.AsAsyncEnumerable())
    await ProcessAsync(order);
// Memory usage: O(1) vs O(n)

معالجة الأخطاء في المكرّرات غير المتزامنة

try
{
    await foreach (var item in RiskyStreamAsync())
    {
        await ProcessAsync(item);
    }
}
catch (HttpRequestException ex)
{
    Console.Error.WriteLine($"Stream error: {ex.Message}");
}
catch (OperationCanceledException)
{
    Console.WriteLine("Stream cancelled.");
}

اختبار سريع

مراجعة: IAsyncEnumerable و await foreach