المهل الزمنية والإلغاء والمعترضات

الموثوقية في gRPC: المهلات الزمنية والإلغاء

تعيين مهلة زمنية للاستدعاء

var deadline = DateTime.UtcNow.AddSeconds(5);

var reply = await client.GetOrderAsync(
    new GetOrderRequest { Id = 42 },
    deadline: deadline);

// Or via CallOptions:
var options = new CallOptions(deadline: deadline);
var reply2 = await client.GetOrderAsync(
    new GetOrderRequest { Id = 42 }, options);

معالجة DeadlineExceeded لدى العميل

try
{
    var reply = await client.GetOrderAsync(
        new GetOrderRequest { Id = 42 },
        deadline: DateTime.UtcNow.AddSeconds(3));
}
catch (RpcException ex) when (ex.StatusCode == StatusCode.DeadlineExceeded)
{
    Console.WriteLine("Call timed out");
}
catch (RpcException ex)
{
    Console.WriteLine($"gRPC error: {ex.Status.Detail}");
}

احترام المهلات الزمنية على الخادم

public override async Task<ReportResponse> GenerateReport(
    ReportRequest request,
    ServerCallContext context)
{
    var ct = context.CancellationToken;

    // Pass ct to every async call — work stops when deadline hits
    var data = await _db.FetchLargeDatasetAsync(request.Filters, ct);
    var report = await _reportEngine.BuildAsync(data, ct);

    ct.ThrowIfCancellationRequested(); // explicit check before CPU work
    return MapToResponse(report);
}

تمرير CancellationToken

// GOOD: token flows through the call chain
await _db.Products.AsNoTracking()
    .Where(p => p.IsActive)
    .ToListAsync(context.CancellationToken); // cancels if client disconnects

// BAD: ignores cancellation
await _db.Products.ToListAsync(); // keeps running after deadline

معترضات gRPC: المفهوم

إنشاء معترض على جانب الخادم

using Grpc.Core.Interceptors;

public class LoggingInterceptor : Interceptor
{
    private readonly ILogger<LoggingInterceptor> _logger;
    public LoggingInterceptor(ILogger<LoggingInterceptor> l) => _logger = l;

    public override async Task<TResponse> UnaryServerHandler<TRequest, TResponse>(
        TRequest request,
        ServerCallContext context,
        UnaryServerMethod<TRequest, TResponse> continuation)
    {
        _logger.LogInformation("gRPC call: {Method}", context.Method);
        var sw = System.Diagnostics.Stopwatch.StartNew();
        var response = await continuation(request, context);
        _logger.LogInformation("Completed in {Ms}ms", sw.ElapsedMilliseconds);
        return response;
    }
}

تسجيل معترضات الخادم

// Globally for all gRPC services:
builder.Services.AddGrpc(opt =>
    opt.Interceptors.Add<LoggingInterceptor>());

// Or per service:
builder.Services.AddGrpc();
builder.Services.AddSingleton<LoggingInterceptor>();

app.MapGrpcService<OrderService>()
   .AddInterceptor<LoggingInterceptor>();

المعترضات على جانب العميل

public class AuthInterceptor : Interceptor
{
    private readonly ITokenProvider _tokens;
    public AuthInterceptor(ITokenProvider t) => _tokens = t;

    public override AsyncUnaryCall<TResponse> AsyncUnaryCall<TRequest, TResponse>(
        TRequest request,
        ClientInterceptorContext<TRequest, TResponse> context,
        AsyncUnaryCallContinuation<TRequest, TResponse> continuation)
    {
        var headers = context.Options.Headers ?? new Metadata();
        headers.Add("authorization", $"Bearer {_tokens.GetToken()}");
        var newContext = new ClientInterceptorContext<TRequest, TResponse>(
            context.Method, context.Host,
            context.Options.WithHeaders(headers));
        return continuation(request, newContext);
    }
}

// Attach to channel:
var invoker = channel.Intercept(new AuthInterceptor(tokenProvider));
var client = new OrderService.OrderServiceClient(invoker);

معترض الاستثناءات

public class ExceptionInterceptor : Interceptor
{
    public override async Task<TResponse> UnaryServerHandler<TRequest, TResponse>(
        TRequest request,
        ServerCallContext context,
        UnaryServerMethod<TRequest, TResponse> continuation)
    {
        try
        {
            return await continuation(request, context);
        }
        catch (NotFoundException ex)
        {
            throw new RpcException(new Status(StatusCode.NotFound, ex.Message));
        }
        catch (Exception ex)
        {
            throw new RpcException(new Status(StatusCode.Internal, "Internal error"));
        }
    }
}

تحقّق سريعًا

مراجعة: المهلات الزمنية والإلغاء والمعترضات