التنقّل السفلي وعلامات التبويب

أنماط التنقل

تخطيط BottomNavigationView

<LinearLayout
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    android:orientation="vertical">

    <androidx.fragment.app.FragmentContainerView
        android:id="@+id/navHostFragment"
        android:name="androidx.navigation.fragment.NavHostFragment"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="0dp"
        android:layout_weight="1"
        app:navGraph="@navigation/nav_graph"
        app:defaultNavHost="true" />

    <com.google.android.material.bottomnavigation.BottomNavigationView
        android:id="@+id/bottomNav"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        app:menu="@menu/bottom_nav_menu" />

</LinearLayout>

عناصر قائمة التنقل السفلي

<!-- res/menu/bottom_nav_menu.xml -->
<menu xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android">
    <item
        android:id="@+id/homeFragment"
        android:icon="@drawable/ic_home"
        android:title="Home" />
    <item
        android:id="@+id/searchFragment"
        android:icon="@drawable/ic_search"
        android:title="Search" />
    <item
        android:id="@+id/profileFragment"
        android:icon="@drawable/ic_person"
        android:title="Profile" />
</menu>

الربط بـ NavController

class MainActivity : AppCompatActivity() {
    override fun onCreate(savedInstanceState: Bundle?) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState)
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main)

        val navHost = supportFragmentManager
            .findFragmentById(R.id.navHostFragment) as NavHostFragment
        val navController = navHost.navController

        binding.bottomNav.setupWithNavController(navController)

        // Hide bottom nav on detail screens:
        navController.addOnDestinationChangedListener { _, destination, _ ->
            binding.bottomNav.visibility = when (destination.id) {
                R.id.detailFragment -> View.GONE
                else -> View.VISIBLE
            }
        }
    }
}

الشارات في شريط التنقل السفلي

// Show a numbered badge:
val badge = binding.bottomNav.getOrCreateBadge(R.id.homeFragment)
badge.number = 5
badge.isVisible = true

// Show dot badge (no number):
val dotBadge = binding.bottomNav.getOrCreateBadge(R.id.searchFragment)
dotBadge.isVisible = true

// Remove badge:
binding.bottomNav.removeBadge(R.id.homeFragment)

TabLayout

<LinearLayout
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    android:orientation="vertical">

    <com.google.android.material.tabs.TabLayout
        android:id="@+id/tabLayout"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content" />

    <androidx.viewpager2.widget.ViewPager2
        android:id="@+id/viewPager"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="0dp"
        android:layout_weight="1" />

</LinearLayout>

ViewPager2 + FragmentStateAdapter

class TasksPagerAdapter(fragment: Fragment) : FragmentStateAdapter(fragment) {

    override fun getItemCount() = 3

    override fun createFragment(position: Int): Fragment = when (position) {
        0 -> AllTasksFragment()
        1 -> ActiveTasksFragment()
        2 -> CompletedTasksFragment()
        else -> throw IllegalStateException("Unknown tab $position")
    }
}

TabLayoutMediator

// In Fragment.onViewCreated():
val adapter = TasksPagerAdapter(this)
binding.viewPager.adapter = adapter

TabLayoutMediator(binding.tabLayout, binding.viewPager) { tab, position ->
    tab.text = when (position) {
        0 -> "All"
        1 -> "Active"
        2 -> "Done"
        else -> ""
    }
}.attach()

// Disable swipe if needed:
binding.viewPager.isUserInputEnabled = false

علامة تبويب مع رموز

TabLayoutMediator(binding.tabLayout, binding.viewPager) { tab, position ->
    when (position) {
        0 -> {
            tab.text = "Home"
            tab.setIcon(R.drawable.ic_home)
        }
        1 -> {
            tab.text = "Search"
            tab.setIcon(R.drawable.ic_search)
        }
        2 -> {
            tab.text = "Profile"
            tab.setIcon(R.drawable.ic_person)
        }
    }
}.attach()

حد الصفحات الموجودة خارج الشاشة

// Keep 2 pages on each side alive:
binding.viewPager.offscreenPageLimit = 2

// Note: FragmentStateAdapter saves and restores state for off-screen
// fragments even when offscreenPageLimit is 1 (default).
// Only increase this when you need views (not just state) to survive.

التنقل السفلي أم علامات التبويب: كيفية الاختيار

تحقق سريع

مراجعة: التنقل السفلي وعلامات التبويب