Next.js 15 Fullstack Web Apps · 课时

并行路由与拦截路由

实现并行路由和拦截路由等高级用户界面模式，分别用于独立区域和类似模态框的交互体验。

并行路由与拦截路由 是 CoddyKit 上的免费 Next.js 15 Fullstack Web Apps 课时。这是第 3 节课，共 4 节。你可以在下方免费阅读本课时的完整内容 — 然后在浏览器中使用内置代码编辑器和全天候 AI 导师进行实践。这是 Next.js 15 Fullstack Web Apps 学习路径的一部分，你的进度在网页和 CoddyKit 应用中同步。 Next.js 15 Fullstack Web Apps 课程共包含 4 节课。

本课时的部分内容尚未翻译，以英文显示。

Advanced Routing Patterns

Welcome! In this lesson, we'll dive into two powerful Next.js App Router features: Parallel Routes and Intercepting Routes.

These patterns help you build more complex, flexible, and performant user interfaces.

Independent UI with Parallel Routes

Parallel Routes allow you to render multiple independent views or "slots" within the same layout, at the same time.

Think of a dashboard with different sections (e.g., analytics, recent activity) loading independently, or a social media feed with a profile sidebar.

Defining Parallel Route Slots

You define a parallel route by creating a folder prefixed with @, like @team or @analytics, inside your layout's directory.

Each @slot folder contains its own page.js or route.js.
The parent layout.js receives these slots as props.

Parallel Routes File Structure

Here's how you might set up a dashboard with two parallel slots: @users and @reports. The main layout.js renders both.

File Structure:

app/
├── dashboard/
│   ├── @users/
│   │   └── page.js
│   ├── @reports/
│   │   └── page.js
│   └── layout.js
└── page.js

Parallel Route Layout Code

The layout.js receives the parallel slots as props and renders them. If a slot isn't active for the current URL, Next.js can render a default.js.

/* app/dashboard/layout.js */
export default function DashboardLayout({ children, users, reports }) {
  return (
    <div>
      <h1>Dashboard</h1>
      <div style={{ display: 'flex' }}>
        <div style={{ flex: 1 }}>{users}</div>
        <div style={{ flex: 1 }}>{reports}</div>
      </div>
      {children} {/* Renders content of dashboard/page.js if present */}
    </div>
  );
}

/* app/dashboard/@users/page.js */
export default function UsersPage() {
  return (
    <div style={{ border: '1px solid blue', padding: '10px' }}>
      <h2>Users Section</h2>
      <p>List of active users...</p>
    </div>
  );
}

/* app/dashboard/@reports/page.js */
export default function ReportsPage() {
  return (
    <div style={{ border: '1px solid green', padding: '10px' }}>
      <h2>Reports Section</h2>
      <p>Monthly sales report...</p>
    </div>
  );
}

Intercepting Routes for Modals

Intercepting Routes allow you to "catch" a route from within the current layout and display it as an overlay or modal, without changing the browser's URL.

This is perfect for showing image galleries, product details, or login forms on top of the current page.

Defining Intercepting Routes

Intercepting routes use the (.), (..), or (...) conventions to match segments at different levels relative to the current route.

(.)segment: Catches a segment at the same level.
(..)segment: Catches a segment one level above.
(...)segment: Catches a segment at the root app directory level.

Intercepting a Sibling Route

Imagine a photo gallery. When you click a photo, instead of navigating to /photos/123, a modal opens, but the URL remains /photos.

File Structure:

app/
├── photos/
│   ├── @modal/(.)[id]/
│   │   └── page.js
│   ├── page.js
│   └── layout.js

Intercepting Route Code Example

Here's a simplified example for a photo modal. The @modal slot catches the [id] route when navigated from /photos, displaying it as an overlay.

/* app/photos/page.js */
import Link from 'next/link';

export default function PhotosPage() {
  const photos = [{ id: '1', title: 'Sunset' }, { id: '2', title: 'Mountain' }];
  return (
    <div>
      <h1>My Photos</h1>
      <div style={{ display: 'grid', gridTemplateColumns: 'repeat(2, 1fr)', gap: '10px' }}>
        {photos.map(photo => (
          <Link key={photo.id} href={`/photos/${photo.id}`}>
            <div style={{ border: '1px solid #ccc', padding: '10px', textAlign: 'center' }}>
              <h3>{photo.title}</h3>
              <p>(Click to view)</p>
            </div>
          </Link>
        ))}
      </div>
    </div>
  );
}

/* app/photos/@modal/(.)[id]/page.js */
export default function PhotoModal({ params }) {
  return (
    <div style={{
      position: 'fixed', top: '0', left: '0', right: '0', bottom: '0',
      backgroundColor: 'rgba(0,0,0,0.5)', display: 'flex',
      justifyContent: 'center', alignItems: 'center'
    }}>
      <div style={{ background: 'white', padding: '20px', borderRadius: '8px' }}>
        <h2>Photo ID: {params.id}</h2>
        <p>This is a modal for photo details.</p>
        <Link href="/photos">Close Modal</Link>
      </div>
    </div>
  );
}

When to Use Which Pattern

Parallel Routes are for displaying multiple, independent sections of UI simultaneously in a fixed layout (e.g., dashboards).

Intercepting Routes are for displaying content on top of the current page, typically as a modal, without changing the underlying URL (e.g., image viewers).

They solve different but equally important UI challenges!

Route Pattern Challenge

Consider a social media profile page. You want to display a user's posts on the left and their followers list on the right, both updating independently. Additionally, clicking a post should open its full view in a modal.

Which routing patterns would best achieve these two distinct UI requirements?

Recap: Advanced Routing

Great job! You've learned about two powerful Next.js App Router features:

Parallel Routes (@slot folders) for displaying independent UI segments side-by-side.
Intercepting Routes ((.), (..), (...) conventions) for catching routes and showing them as overlays or modals.

These patterns unlock advanced UI compositions for complex applications.

常见问题解答

「并行路由与拦截路由」课时是免费的吗？

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「并行路由与拦截路由」这节课中我会学到什么？

实现并行路由和拦截路由等高级用户界面模式，分别用于独立区域和类似模态框的交互体验。你通过在浏览器中直接运行的动手代码来练习 Next.js 15 Fullstack Web Apps，全天候 AI 导师会在你学习这节课的过程中回答你的问题。

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