Serverless Backend with AWS Lambda & API Gateway · 课时

使用 AWS Secrets Manager 保护机密

不要再将凭证硬编码到 Lambda 中。了解如何使用 AWS Secrets Manager 安全地存储、轮换和获取 API 密钥及数据库密码。

第 4 / 4 课13 个步骤

使用 AWS Secrets Manager 保护机密 是 CoddyKit 上的免费 Serverless Backend with AWS Lambda & API Gateway 课时。这是第 4 节课，共 4 节。你可以在下方免费阅读本课时的完整内容 — 然后在浏览器中使用内置代码编辑器和全天候 AI 导师进行实践。这是 Serverless Backend with AWS Lambda & API Gateway 学习路径的一部分，你的进度在网页和 CoddyKit 应用中同步。 Serverless Backend with AWS Lambda & API Gateway 课程共包含 4 节课。

本课时的部分内容尚未翻译，以英文显示。

Why Not Hardcode Secrets?

Embedding API keys or DB passwords in your Lambda code or environment variables is risky: anyone with read access can see them, and rotating them means a redeploy.

AWS Secrets Manager centralizes secrets, encrypts them, and supports automatic rotation.

What Secrets Manager Stores

Common secrets include:

Database credentials
Third-party API keys
OAuth tokens
Encryption keys

Each secret is encrypted at rest with AWS KMS.

Creating a Secret

Secrets are stored as key/value JSON. You can create one from the CLI.

aws secretsmanager create-secret \
  --name prod/db/credentials \
  --secret-string '{"username":"admin","password":"S3cr3t!"}'

Granting Lambda Access

Your Lambda execution role needs permission to read the secret. Scope it to the exact ARN, not a wildcard.

{
  "Effect": "Allow",
  "Action": "secretsmanager:GetSecretValue",
  "Resource": "arn:aws:secretsmanager:us-east-1:123:secret:prod/db/credentials-*"
}

Retrieving a Secret in Code

Use the AWS SDK to fetch the secret value at runtime.

const { SecretsManager } = require("@aws-sdk/client-secrets-manager");
const sm = new SecretsManager();
const res = await sm.getSecretValue({ SecretId: "prod/db/credentials" });
const creds = JSON.parse(res.SecretString);

Caching Secrets

Calling Secrets Manager on every invocation adds latency and cost. Fetch once outside the handler so the value is reused across warm invocations.

let cached;
async function getCreds() {
  if (!cached) {
    const r = await sm.getSecretValue({ SecretId: "prod/db/credentials" });
    cached = JSON.parse(r.SecretString);
  }
  return cached;
}

Automatic Rotation

Secrets Manager can rotate credentials on a schedule using a rotation Lambda. For supported databases (RDS), AWS provides a ready-made rotation function so passwords change without code edits.

Secrets vs Parameter Store

SSM Parameter Store also stores config and SecureString values, and is cheaper. Use Parameter Store for plain config; use Secrets Manager when you need built-in rotation and cross-account sharing.

Encryption with KMS

Every secret is encrypted with a KMS key. Use the default AWS-managed key for simplicity, or a customer-managed key (CMK) for fine-grained access control and audit.

Auditing Access

Every GetSecretValue call is logged to CloudTrail. Review these logs to detect unexpected access and prove compliance.

Best Practices

Keep secrets safe:

Never log the secret value
Scope IAM to the exact secret ARN
Enable rotation for long-lived credentials
Cache across warm invocations, not in source control

Quick Check

Test your Secrets Manager knowledge.

在交互式课程中回答

Recap

You learned to secure credentials:

Store secrets in Secrets Manager, never in code
Grant least-privilege IAM to the exact ARN
Fetch with the SDK and cache across warm invocations
Enable automatic rotation and audit via CloudTrail

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常见问题解答

「使用 AWS Secrets Manager 保护机密」课时是免费的吗？

是的 — 「使用 AWS Secrets Manager 保护机密」的完整文本可在网页上免费阅读。要进行交互式练习（内置代码编辑器和全天候 AI 导师）并解锁 Serverless Backend with AWS Lambda & API Gateway 课程的其余内容，请升级到 CoddyKit PRO。 Serverless Backend with AWS Lambda & API Gateway 课程共包含 4 节课。

「使用 AWS Secrets Manager 保护机密」这节课中我会学到什么？

不要再将凭证硬编码到 Lambda 中。了解如何使用 AWS Secrets Manager 安全地存储、轮换和获取 API 密钥及数据库密码。你通过在浏览器中直接运行的动手代码来练习 Serverless Backend with AWS Lambda & API Gateway，全天候 AI 导师会在你学习这节课的过程中回答你的问题。

学习 Serverless Backend with AWS Lambda & API Gateway 需要有经验吗？

无需任何先前经验。CoddyKit 上的 Serverless Backend with AWS Lambda & API Gateway 课程适合初学者到高级学习者，你可以从这里开始或从头开始，按照自己的节奏学习。这是第 4 节课，共 4 节。

「使用 AWS Secrets Manager 保护机密」课时需要多长时间？

大多数 CoddyKit 课程大约需要 5–10 分钟。每节课都很精短且互动，所以你能稳步进步，并在网页和应用中从离开的地方继续。

我能在这节 Serverless Backend with AWS Lambda & API Gateway 课中编写并运行代码吗？

能。每节 Serverless Backend with AWS Lambda & API Gateway 课都包含内置代码编辑器，你可以在浏览器中直接编写并运行真实代码，并获得即时 AI 反馈 — 无需本地设置。

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