malloc และ free

#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>

int main(void) {
    int *p = malloc(sizeof(int));
    *p = 99;
    printf("%d\n", *p);
    free(p);
    return 0;
}

#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>

int main(void) {
    int *p = malloc(sizeof(int));
    *p = 7;
    printf("value = %d\n", *p);
    free(p);
    return 0;
}

#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>

int main(void) {
    double *p = malloc(sizeof(*p));
    *p = 3.14;
    printf("%f\n", *p);
    free(p);
    return 0;
}

#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>

int main(void) {
    int *p = malloc(sizeof(int));
    if (p == NULL) {
        printf("allocation failed\n");
        return 1;
    }
    *p = 5;
    printf("ok: %d\n", *p);
    free(p);
    return 0;
}

#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>

int main(void) {
    int n = 5;
    int *arr = malloc(n * sizeof(int));
    for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) arr[i] = i * i;
    for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) printf("%d ", arr[i]);
    printf("\n");
    free(arr);
    return 0;
}

#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>

int main(void) {
    int *arr = malloc(3 * sizeof(int));
    arr[0] = 10;
    *(arr + 1) = 20;
    arr[2] = 30;
    printf("%d %d %d\n", arr[0], arr[1], arr[2]);
    free(arr);
    return 0;
}

#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>

int main(void) {
    char *buf = malloc(16);
    if (buf) {
        buf[0] = 'A';
        printf("%c\n", buf[0]);
        free(buf);
    }
    return 0;
}

#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>

int main(void) {
    int *p = NULL;
    free(p);
    printf("free(NULL) was safe\n");
    return 0;
}

#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>

int *make_range(int n) {
    int *a = malloc(n * sizeof(int));
    for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) a[i] = i;
    return a;
}

int main(void) {
    int *r = make_range(4);
    printf("%d %d\n", r[0], r[3]);
    free(r);
    return 0;
}

#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>

int main(void) {
    long *p = malloc(sizeof(long));
    *p = 1234567L;
    printf("%ld\n", *p);
    free(p);
    return 0;
}

#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>

int main(void) {
    int *p = malloc(sizeof(int));
    *p = 1;
    free(p);
    p = NULL;
    free(p);
    printf("no double free\n");
    return 0;
}