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Why define your own Gradle tasks? They let you automate unique steps not covered by standard plugins. Think of custom tasks as recipes for specific build actions.

This lesson will show you how to craft them to extend Gradle's capabilities!

The simplest way to create a custom task is directly in your build.gradle file. Use the task keyword followed by your task's name.

Let's create a task named helloCustom:

Tasks can have multiple actions. You can define them using doFirst and doLast blocks. These blocks specify code to run before or after the task's main actions.

For more complex logic or reusability across projects, you'll want to define a custom task as a class. This allows for better organization, testing, and property management.

• Encapsulation: Keep task logic in one place.
• Reusability: Share tasks between different projects.
• Configuration: Define properties for customization.

Custom task classes extend Gradle's DefaultTask. You define the task's actions within a method, often annotated with @TaskAction.

Create a file named src/main/groovy/com/coddykit/tasks/MyGreetingTask.groovy:

To use your custom task class, you need to tell Gradle where to find it and then register an instance of it. First, add the Groovy plugin to compile your task class.

Update your build.gradle:

Now that your custom task class is defined and registered in build.gradle, you can execute it just like any other Gradle task from your terminal.

Run the command:

It's important to distinguish between defining a task type (the class) and defining a task instance (registering it).

• Task Type: The MyGreetingTask class itself, which extends DefaultTask. It defines what the task can do.
• Task Definition: tasks.register('myGreeting', MyGreetingTask). This creates a specific task named 'myGreeting' of that type.

Great job! You've learned how to define custom Gradle tasks:

• Inline Tasks: Using task name { doLast { ... } } for simple, script-local actions.
• Task Actions: Controlling execution order with doFirst and doLast.
• Custom Task Classes: Extending DefaultTask for reusable, organized, and configurable task logic.
• Registering Tasks: Using tasks.register() to create instances of your custom task classes.

Next, we'll dive deeper into task types and how to configure properties for more dynamic tasks!