Asas Span/ReadOnlySpan (peniruan C# 6)

using System;

public class Program
{
  static int Sum(ArraySegment<int> seg)
  {
    int acc = 0;
    int end = seg.Offset + seg.Count;
    for (int i = seg.Offset; i < end; i++) acc += seg.Array[i];
    return acc;
  }

  public static void Main(string[] args)
  {
    int[] data = new int[] { 2, 4, 6, 8, 10 };
    ArraySegment<int> middle3 = new ArraySegment<int>(data, 1, 3); // 4,6,8
    Console.WriteLine("Sum = " + Sum(middle3)); // 18
  }
}

using System;

public static class Seg
{
  public static ArraySegment<T> Slice<T>(ArraySegment<T> seg, int start, int count)
  {
    if (start < 0 || count < 0 || start + count > seg.Count) throw new ArgumentOutOfRangeException();
    return new ArraySegment<T>(seg.Array, seg.Offset + start, count);
  }
}

public class Program
{
  public static void Main(string[] args)
  {
    string[] words = new string[] { "alpha", "beta", "gamma", "delta", "epsilon" };
    ArraySegment<string> mid = new ArraySegment<string>(words, 1, 3);  // beta, gamma, delta
    ArraySegment<string> inner = Seg.Slice<string>(mid, 1, 1);         // gamma
    Console.WriteLine(inner.Array[inner.Offset]); // gamma
  }
}

using System;

public static class SegOps
{
  public static ArraySegment<char> Trim(ArraySegment<char> seg)
  {
    int start = seg.Offset;
    int end = seg.Offset + seg.Count - 1;

    while (start <= end && Char.IsWhiteSpace(seg.Array[start])) start++;
    while (end >= start && Char.IsWhiteSpace(seg.Array[end])) end--;

    int newCount = (end >= start) ? (end - start + 1) : 0;
    return new ArraySegment<char>(seg.Array, start, newCount);
  }
}

public class Program
{
  public static void Main(string[] args)
  {
    char[] buf = "   hello world   ".ToCharArray(); // single allocation for chars
    ArraySegment<char> all = new ArraySegment<char>(buf, 0, buf.Length);
    ArraySegment<char> trimmed = SegOps.Trim(all);

    // Print the trimmed part without new string:
    for (int i = 0; i < trimmed.Count; i++)
      Console.Write(trimmed.Array[trimmed.Offset + i]);
    Console.WriteLine();
  }
}

using System;

public static class SegCopy
{
  public static T[] ToArray<T>(ArraySegment<T> seg)
  {
    T[] copy = new T[seg.Count];
    Array.Copy(seg.Array, seg.Offset, copy, 0, seg.Count);
    return copy;
  }
}

public class Program
{
  public static void Main(string[] args)
  {
    int[] data = new int[] { 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 };
    ArraySegment<int> view = new ArraySegment<int>(data, 2, 3); // 3,4,5

    int[] materialized = SegCopy.ToArray<int>(view); // copy only when you must
    Console.WriteLine(string.Join(",", materialized));
  }
}