Mengendalikan Pengecualian dalam I/O Fail

# Handling file not found error
try:
    with open("nonexistent_file.txt", "r") as file:
        content = file.read()
except FileNotFoundError:
    print("The file does not exist.")

# Handling multiple exceptions
try:
    with open("example.txt", "r") as file:
        content = file.read()
except FileNotFoundError:
    print("The file does not exist.")
except PermissionError:
    print("You don’t have permission to access this file.")

# Using finally for cleanup
try:
    file = open("example.txt", "r")
    content = file.read()
except FileNotFoundError:
    print("The file does not exist.")
finally:
    print("Closing the file.")
    file.close()  # Ensures the file is closed

# Using with to handle automatic cleanup
try:
    with open("example.txt", "r") as file:
        content = file.read()
except FileNotFoundError:
    print("The file does not exist.")

# Raising an exception manually
file_path = "example.txt"

if not file_path.endswith(".txt"):
    raise ValueError("Only .txt files are supported.")

try:
    with open(file_path, "r") as file:
        content = file.read()
except FileNotFoundError:
    print("The file does not exist.")

# Handling write errors
try:
    with open("output.txt", "w") as file:
        file.write("Hello, World!")
except PermissionError:
    print("You don’t have permission to write to this file.")