withUnsafeBytes와 C 상호 운용

var value: UInt32 = 0x01020304
withUnsafeBytes(of: &value) { rawBuffer in
    print(rawBuffer.count) // 4 bytes
}

var value: UInt32 = 0x01020304
withUnsafeBytes(of: &value) { bytes in
    for b in bytes { print(String(format: "%02x", b)) }
}
// Order depends on endianness

let host: UInt32 = 0x01020304
let networkOrder = host.bigEndian
var be = networkOrder
withUnsafeBytes(of: &be) { bytes in
    // Always 01 02 03 04 regardless of platform
    print(Array(bytes))
}

struct RGB { var r: UInt8; var g: UInt8; var b: UInt8 }
var color = RGB(r: 255, g: 128, b: 0)
withUnsafeBytes(of: &color) { bytes in
    print(bytes[0], bytes[1], bytes[2]) // 255 128 0
}

let raw: [UInt8] = [0x04, 0x03, 0x02, 0x01]
let n = raw.withUnsafeBytes { ptr in
    ptr.load(fromByteOffset: 0, as: UInt32.self)
}
print(String(format: "0x%08x", n))

let packet: [UInt8] = [0xFF, 0x04, 0x03, 0x02, 0x01]
let field = packet.withUnsafeBytes { ptr in
    ptr.loadUnaligned(fromByteOffset: 1, as: UInt32.self)
}
print(field)

import Foundation
let data = Data([0x68, 0x69]) // "hi"
data.withUnsafeBytes { (raw: UnsafeRawBufferPointer) in
    if let base = raw.baseAddress {
        // c_consume(base, raw.count)
        print("ptr", base, "len", raw.count)
    }
}

func handleC(_ ptr: UnsafeRawPointer, _ len: Int) {
    let buffer = UnsafeRawBufferPointer(start: ptr, count: len)
    let checksum = buffer.reduce(0) { $0 &+ Int($1) }
    print("checksum:", checksum)
}

let raw = UnsafeMutableRawPointer.allocate(
    byteCount: 8, alignment: 8)
defer { raw.deallocate() }
let typed = raw.bindMemory(to: Int.self, capacity: 1)
typed.pointee = 1234
print(typed.pointee)

func sumInts(_ raw: UnsafeRawPointer, _ count: Int) -> Int {
    let p = raw.assumingMemoryBound(to: Int.self)
    var total = 0
    for i in 0..<count { total += p[i] }
    return total
}

// Convert any value to a hex string safely
import Foundation
func hex<T>(_ v: T) -> String {
    var value = v
    return withUnsafeBytes(of: &value) { bytes in
        bytes.map { String(format: "%02x", $0) }.joined()
    }
}