SQS/SNS 트리거를 사용하는 Lambda
SQS 대기열과 SNS 주제가 Lambda 함수를 호출하도록 구성하여 강력한 이벤트 기반 워크플로를 구현합니다.
SQS/SNS 트리거를 사용하는 Lambda은(는) CoddyKit의 무료 Serverless Backend with AWS Lambda & API Gateway 강의입니다. 이것은 4개 중 3번째 강의입니다. 아래에서 전체 강의를 무료로 읽을 수 있으며, 내장 코드 에디터와 24/7 AI 튜터와 함께 브라우저에서 직접 실습할 수 있습니다. 이 강의는 Serverless Backend with AWS Lambda & API Gateway 학습 경로의 일부이며, 진행 상황이 웹과 CoddyKit 앱에 동기화됩니다. Serverless Backend with AWS Lambda & API Gateway 강의에는 총 4개의 강의가 포함되어 있습니다.
이 강의의 일부는 아직 번역되지 않았으며 영어로 표시됩니다.
Event-Driven Lambda Triggers
Lambda functions are at the heart of serverless, but how do they know when to run? They respond to events!
An event is anything that happens in your AWS environment, like a file upload to S3, a new item in DynamoDB, or in this lesson, a message arriving in SQS or SNS.
Using SQS and SNS to trigger Lambda enables powerful event-driven architectures. This means services communicate through events, making systems more flexible and scalable.
SQS Triggers for Lambda
Amazon SQS (Simple Queue Service) is a managed message queue service. When you configure an SQS queue as a Lambda trigger, Lambda polls the queue for messages.
Here's how it works:
- Lambda continuously checks the SQS queue.
- When messages are available, Lambda retrieves a batch of them.
- It then invokes your function for each batch or for individual messages, depending on configuration.
- After successful processing, Lambda deletes the messages from the queue.
Setting Up SQS Trigger
To connect an SQS queue to a Lambda function, you typically do it through the AWS Management Console, AWS CLI, or Infrastructure as Code (like AWS SAM or CloudFormation).
Key configurations include:
- Batch size: How many messages Lambda fetches at once (e.g., 1 to 10).
- Batch window: How long Lambda waits to gather a batch (up to 5 minutes).
- Polling frequency: Lambda manages this automatically.
This setup allows your function to process messages asynchronously, decoupling the message producer from the consumer.
Processing SQS Messages
Your Lambda function receives SQS messages in an event object. This object contains a Records array, where each item is an SQS message.
Let's see a simple Python example that processes messages from an SQS queue. Imagine these messages contain user IDs for processing.
import json
def lambda_handler(event, context):
print("Received SQS event:")
for record in event['Records']:
message_body = record['body']
print(f"Processing message: {message_body}")
# Example: parse JSON body if expected
try:
data = json.loads(message_body)
user_id = data.get('userId')
print(f"Extracted userId: {user_id}")
# Add your business logic here
except json.JSONDecodeError:
print(f"Message body is not valid JSON: {message_body}")
return {
'statusCode': 200,
'body': json.dumps('Messages processed successfully!')
}
# --- For local testing (simulated event) ---
if __name__ == '__main__':
# Simulate an SQS event
simulated_sqs_event = {
"Records": [
{
"messageId": "19dd0b57-b21e-4ac1-bd88-01bbb068cb78",
"receiptHandle": "AQEBwJnKyrgtLvC5...",
"body": '{"userId": "user123", "action": "signup"}',
"attributes": {
"ApproximateReceiveCount": "1",
"SentTimestamp": "1523232000000",
"SenderId": "AIDAIY234234234234234",
"ApproximateFirstReceiveTimestamp": "1523232000001"
},
"messageAttributes": {},
"md5OfBody": "098f6bcd4621d373cade4e832627b4f6",
"eventSource": "aws:sqs",
"eventSourceARN": "arn:aws:sqs:us-east-1:123456789012:my-queue",
"awsRegion": "us-east-1"
},
{
"messageId": "19dd0b57-b21e-4ac1-bd88-01bbb068cb79",
"receiptHandle": "AQEBwJnKyrgtLvC5...",
"body": '{"userId": "user456", "action": "login"}',
"attributes": {
"ApproximateReceiveCount": "1",
"SentTimestamp": "1523232000000",
"SenderId": "AIDAIY234234234234234",
"ApproximateFirstReceiveTimestamp": "1523232000001"
},
"messageAttributes": {},
"md5OfBody": "098f6bcd4621d373cade4e832627b4f6",
"eventSource": "aws:sqs",
"eventSourceARN": "arn:aws:sqs:us-east-1:123456789012:my-queue",
"awsRegion": "us-east-1"
}
]
}
lambda_handler(simulated_sqs_event, None)SQS Event Details
Let's break down the key parts of an SQS event passed to your Lambda function:
event['Records']: A list of SQS messages. Your function will iterate through this.record['body']: The actual message content, usually a JSON string that you'll need to parse.record['messageId']: A unique ID for the message. Useful for logging and idempotency.record['attributes']: Contains metadata likeSentTimestamp.record['eventSource']: Always "aws:sqs" for SQS triggers.
Always assume body is a string and parse it if you expect JSON.
SNS Triggers for Lambda
Amazon SNS (Simple Notification Service) is a fully managed pub/sub messaging service. Unlike SQS, SNS uses a push model to deliver notifications.
When an SNS topic receives a message, it immediately pushes that message to all its subscribed endpoints, which can include Lambda functions.
This is perfect for:
- Fan-out scenarios (one message triggers multiple actions).
- Broadcasting alerts or notifications.
- Decoupling publishers from multiple subscribers.
Setting Up SNS Trigger
Connecting an SNS topic to a Lambda function is straightforward. You subscribe your Lambda function to the SNS topic.
Steps:
- Create an SNS topic.
- Create your Lambda function.
- Add an SNS trigger to your Lambda function, selecting the topic.
- Ensure your Lambda's execution role has permission to be invoked by SNS.
Once configured, any message published to the SNS topic will automatically invoke your Lambda function.
Processing SNS Notifications
When triggered by SNS, your Lambda function receives an event object that contains details about the notification. The most important part is the Message field within the Sns object.
Here's a Python example that logs an SNS notification.
import json
def lambda_handler(event, context):
print("Received SNS event:")
for record in event['Records']:
sns_message = record['Sns']
message_id = sns_message['MessageId']
topic_arn = sns_message['TopicArn']
subject = sns_message.get('Subject', 'No Subject')
message_body = sns_message['Message']
timestamp = sns_message['Timestamp']
print(f"Message ID: {message_id}")
print(f"Topic ARN: {topic_arn}")
print(f"Subject: {subject}")
print(f"Message: {message_body}")
print(f"Timestamp: {timestamp}")
# Add your business logic here, e.g., send an email, update a database
return {
'statusCode': 200,
'body': json.dumps('SNS notification processed!')
}
# --- For local testing (simulated event) ---
if __name__ == '__main__':
# Simulate an SNS event
simulated_sns_event = {
"Records": [
{
"EventSource": "aws:sns",
"EventVersion": "1.0",
"EventSubscriptionArn": "arn:aws:sns:us-east-1:123456789012:my-topic:xxxxxxxx-xxxx-xxxx-xxxx-xxxxxxxxxxxx",
"Sns": {
"Type": "Notification",
"MessageId": "xxxxxxxx-xxxx-xxxx-xxxx-xxxxxxxxxxxx",
"TopicArn": "arn:aws:sns:us-east-1:123456789012:my-topic",
"Subject": "New Order Confirmation",
"Message": "{\"orderId\": \"ORD-789\", \"customer\": \"Jane Doe\"}",
"Timestamp": "2023-10-27T10:00:00.000Z",
"SignatureVersion": "1",
"Signature": "xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx",
"SigningCertUrl": "https://sns.us-east-1.amazonaws.com/SimpleNotificationService-xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx.pem",
"UnsubscribeUrl": "https://sns.us-east-1.amazonaws.com/?Action=Unsubscribe&SubscriptionArn=arn:aws:sns:us-east-1:123456789012:my-topic:xxxxxxxx-xxxx-xxxx-xxxx-xxxxxxxxxxxx",
"MessageAttributes": {
"EventType": {"Type": "String", "Value": "OrderCreated"}
}
}
}
]
}
lambda_handler(simulated_sns_event, None)SNS Event Details
Similar to SQS, the SNS event also comes with a Records array, but the structure inside is different:
event['Records']: A list, typically containing one SNS notification per invocation.record['Sns']: This object holds the core notification details.record['Sns']['MessageId']: Unique ID for the SNS message.record['Sns']['TopicArn']: The ARN of the SNS topic that published the message.record['Sns']['Subject']: The subject of the notification (optional).record['Sns']['Message']: The actual content of the notification, often a JSON string.
Remember to parse Message if you expect structured data.
Trigger Best Practices
When using SQS and SNS to trigger Lambda, keep these best practices in mind:
- Idempotency: Design your Lambda to handle duplicate messages without unintended side effects, as messages can sometimes be delivered more than once.
- Error Handling: Configure a Dead-Letter Queue (DLQ) for your SQS-triggered Lambda. Failed messages will be sent there for later inspection.
- Batch Processing: For SQS, process messages in batches efficiently. If one message in a batch fails, the entire batch might be retried.
- Permissions: Ensure the Lambda execution role has permissions to access SQS/SNS and other services it interacts with.
Triggering Lambda Quiz
Test your knowledge on SQS and SNS triggers for Lambda!
Recap & Next Steps
Great job! You've learned how to harness event-driven power by integrating Lambda with SQS and SNS.
- SQS Triggers: Enable asynchronous, decoupled message processing with Lambda polling queues.
- SNS Triggers: Facilitate real-time, fan-out notifications by pushing messages to Lambda.
- You've also seen the different event structures and key best practices for building resilient event-driven serverless applications.
Mastering these integrations is crucial for building scalable and robust serverless backends!
AI 튜터와 함께 Serverless Backend with AWS Lambda & API Gateway을(를) 배우세요 — 무료
브라우저에서 실제 코드를 작성하고 실행하며, 24/7 AI 튜터로부터 즉각적인 도움을 받고, 웹이나 앱에서 중단한 부분부터 계속 학습하세요.
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자주 묻는 질문
“SQS/SNS 트리거를 사용하는 Lambda” 강의는 무료인가요?
네 — “SQS/SNS 트리거를 사용하는 Lambda” 전체 내용을 이 웹사이트에서 무료로 읽을 수 있습니다. 인터랙티브하게 실습하려면(내장 코드 에디터와 24/7 AI 튜터), CoddyKit PRO로 업그레이드하면 Serverless Backend with AWS Lambda & API Gateway 강의 전체를 잠금 해제할 수 있습니다. Serverless Backend with AWS Lambda & API Gateway 강의에는 총 4개의 강의가 포함되어 있습니다.
“SQS/SNS 트리거를 사용하는 Lambda”에서 뭘 배우나요?
SQS 대기열과 SNS 주제가 Lambda 함수를 호출하도록 구성하여 강력한 이벤트 기반 워크플로를 구현합니다. 브라우저에서 직접 실행하는 실습 코드로 Serverless Backend with AWS Lambda & API Gateway을(를) 배우며, 24/7 AI 튜터가 강의를 진행하면서 질문에 답변해줍니다.
Serverless Backend with AWS Lambda & API Gateway을(를) 시작하는 데 경험이 필요한가요?
사전 경험은 필요하지 않습니다. CoddyKit의 Serverless Backend with AWS Lambda & API Gateway은(는) 초급자부터 고급 학습자까지를 위해 구성되어 있으므로, 여기서 시작하거나 처음부터 시작할 수 있으며 자신의 속도대로 진행할 수 있습니다. 이것은 4개 중 3번째 강의입니다.
“SQS/SNS 트리거를 사용하는 Lambda” 강의는 얼마나 걸리나요?
대부분의 CoddyKit 강의는 약 5~10분이 소요됩니다. 각 강의는 간결하고 인터랙티브하여 꾸준한 진행이 가능하며, 웹과 앱에서 중단한 부분부터 바로 시작할 수 있습니다.
이 Serverless Backend with AWS Lambda & API Gateway 강의에서 코드를 작성하고 실행할 수 있나요?
네. 모든 Serverless Backend with AWS Lambda & API Gateway 강의에는 내장 코드 에디터가 포함되어 있으므로, 브라우저에서 바로 실제 코드를 작성하고 실행한 후 즉시 AI 피드백을 받을 수 있습니다 — 로컬 설정이 필요 없습니다.
이 강의의 모든 강의
- 서비스 결합 해제를 위한 SQS
- Pub/Sub 메시징을 위한 SNS
- SQS/SNS 트리거를 사용하는 Lambda
- 배달 못한 편지 대기열 및 실패 처리