इवेंट लूप और टास्क बनाम माइक्रोटास्क की मूल बातें

// Tasks (macrotasks) via setTimeout
console.log("1: start");

setTimeout(function () {
  console.log("3: timeout task");
}, 0);

console.log("2: after scheduling");

// Microtasks via Promise.then
console.log("X: sync");

Promise.resolve().then(function () {
  console.log("Y: microtask");
});

console.log("Z: after scheduling microtask");

// Order demo: microtask runs before task
console.log("Start");

setTimeout(function () {
  console.log("Task: timeout");
}, 0);

Promise.resolve().then(function () {
  console.log("Microtask: promise");
});

console.log("End");

// queueMicrotask is another way to schedule a microtask
console.log("S");

queueMicrotask(function () {
  console.log("M: microtask");
});

console.log("E");

// Tip: do not overuse microtasks; keep callbacks tiny