Static Method References

import java.util.*;
import java.util.stream.*;

List<String> names = List.of("Alice", "Bob", "Carol");

// Lambda:
names.forEach(s -> System.out.println(s));

// Equivalent method reference:
names.forEach(System.out::println);

import java.util.stream.*;

// Integer.parseInt(String) matches Function<String, Integer>
List<String> strs = List.of("1","2","3","4","5");
List<Integer> nums = strs.stream()
    .map(Integer::parseInt)  // replaces s -> Integer.parseInt(s)
    .collect(Collectors.toList());
System.out.println(nums); // [1, 2, 3, 4, 5]

import java.util.*;
import java.util.stream.*;

List<Integer> values = List.of(-3, 5, -1, 8, -4);
List<Integer> abs = values.stream()
    .map(Math::abs)  // replaces v -> Math.abs(v)
    .collect(Collectors.toList());
System.out.println(abs); // [3, 5, 1, 8, 4]

import java.util.stream.*;

// String.isEmpty() is an instance method, but we can use a static helper
// Objects.isNull matches Predicate<Object>
List<String> mixed = Arrays.asList("hello", null, "world", null);
long nullCount = mixed.stream()
    .filter(Objects::isNull)
    .count();
System.out.println(nullCount); // 2

long nonNull = mixed.stream()
    .filter(Objects::nonNull)
    .count();
System.out.println(nonNull); // 2

import java.util.*;
import java.util.stream.*;

List<String> words = List.of("banana", "apple", "cherry");

// String.CASE_INSENSITIVE_ORDER is a Comparator
List<String> sorted = words.stream()
    .sorted(String::compareToIgnoreCase)
    .collect(Collectors.toList());
System.out.println(sorted); // [apple, banana, cherry]

class Validator {
    static boolean isPositive(int n) { return n > 0; }
    static String toLabel(int n) { return n > 0 ? "POS" : "NEG"; }
}

List<Integer> nums = List.of(-2, 3, -1, 5, 0);

List<Integer> positive = nums.stream()
    .filter(Validator::isPositive)
    .collect(Collectors.toList());
System.out.println(positive); // [3, 5]

List<String> labels = nums.stream()
    .map(Validator::toLabel)
    .collect(Collectors.toList());

import java.util.function.*;

// Math.max(int,int) → BiFunction... but needs IntBinaryOperator
java.util.function.IntBinaryOperator maxOp = Math::max;
System.out.println(maxOp.applyAsInt(7, 3)); // 7

// String.format as BiFunction? Only works if signature matches:
// Integer.sum(int,int) → IntBinaryOperator
java.util.function.IntBinaryOperator sum = Integer::sum;
System.out.println(sum.applyAsInt(10, 20)); // 30

record Person(String name, int age) {}
List<Person> people = List.of(
    new Person("Charlie",30), new Person("Alice",25), new Person("Bob",35)
);

people.stream()
    .sorted(Comparator.comparing(Person::name))
    .forEach(p -> System.out.println(p.name()));
// Alice, Bob, Charlie

// Lambda style
Stream.of("1","2","3").map(s -> Integer.parseInt(s));
Stream.of(1,-2,3).filter(n -> n > 0);
Stream.of(-5,2,-1).map(n -> Math.abs(n));

// Method reference style
Stream.of("1","2","3").map(Integer::parseInt);
Stream.of(1,-2,3).filter(Validator::isPositive);
Stream.of(-5,2,-1).map(Math::abs);

// Math.pow(double, double) needs two args — can't use as Function<Double, Double>
// This won't compile:
// Function<Double, Double> square = Math::pow; // ERROR

// Fix with lambda:
Function<Double, Double> square = n -> Math.pow(n, 2);
System.out.println(square.apply(5.0)); // 25.0