‏try/catch/finally كتعبير

fun main() {
    try {
        val n = "abc".toInt()
        println(n)
    } catch (e: NumberFormatException) {
        println("Not a number: ${e.message}")
    }
}

fun main() {
    val n: Int = try {
        "42".toInt()
    } catch (e: NumberFormatException) {
        -1
    }
    println(n) // 42
}

fun parseOrDefault(s: String, default: Int): Int = try {
    s.toInt()
} catch (e: NumberFormatException) {
    default
}
fun main() {
    println(parseOrDefault("42", 0))   // 42
    println(parseOrDefault("abc", 0))  // 0
}

fun main() {
    val result: String = try {
        val list = listOf(1)
        list[5].toString()
    } catch (e: IndexOutOfBoundsException) {
        "index out of bounds"
    } catch (e: Exception) {
        "other error"
    }
    println(result)
}

fun main() {
    val n: Int = try {
        "42".toInt()
    } catch (e: NumberFormatException) {
        -1
    } finally {
        println("cleanup runs")
    }
    println("value = $n")
}

fun main() {
    val result: String = try {
        val n = 10 / 2
        val s = "Result is $n"
        s.uppercase()
    } catch (e: Exception) {
        "ERROR"
    }
    println(result) // RESULT IS 5
}

fun parse(s: String): Int = try {
    s.toInt()
} catch (e: RuntimeException) { // covers NumberFormatException etc.
    -1
}
fun main() {
    println(parse("42"))
    println(parse("nope"))
}

fun main() {
    try {
        throw NumberFormatException("oops")
    } catch (e: NumberFormatException) {
        println("specific: ${e.message}")
    } catch (e: Exception) {
        println("generic")
    }
}

fun process(x: Int): String {
    return try {
        require(x > 0) { "must be positive" }
        "ok: $x"
    } catch (e: IllegalArgumentException) {
        "error: ${e.message}"
    } finally {
        println("processing done")
    }
}
fun main() {
    println(process(5))
    println(process(-1))
}

fun main() {
    try {
        "abc".toInt()
    } catch (e: NumberFormatException) {
        // BAD: silently swallow
    }
    println("continued")
}