Health Probes and Graceful Degradation
Configure load balancer and Traffic Manager health probes to detect failures quickly, and design circuit-breaker and graceful degradation patterns for your application tier.
Why Health Probes Are Essential
Health probes are the mechanism by which load balancers and traffic managers detect whether a backend instance is capable of serving requests. Without health probes, a load balancer might continue sending traffic to a failed or unresponsive server, causing user-facing errors. Properly configured health probes enable automatic traffic rerouting away from unhealthy instances within seconds of a failure.
Azure Load Balancer Health Probes
Azure Load Balancer supports two types of health probes:
- TCP probe — checks if the backend can accept a TCP connection on a specified port. Simple but does not verify application logic.
- HTTP/HTTPS probe — sends a GET request to a specified path and expects a 200 OK response. More accurate because it tests the application endpoint directly.
A backend is marked unhealthy if the probe fails for a configurable number of consecutive attempts.
# Create an HTTP health probe for an Azure Load Balancer:
az network lb probe create \
--resource-group myRG \
--lb-name myLoadBalancer \
--name httpHealthProbe \
--protocol Http \
--port 80 \
--path /health \
--interval 15 \
--threshold 2All lessons in this course
- Azure SLAs and Composite SLAs
- Availability Sets and Availability Zones
- Multi-Region Active-Active Architecture
- Health Probes and Graceful Degradation